Cholesterol facts | Fakta Kolesterol |
- High cholesterol is also referred to as hypercholesterolemia (hyper=high + cholesterol + emia = in the blood) or hyperlipidemia
| - Kolesterol tinggi juga disebut sebagai hiperkolesterolemia (hiper = tinggi + kolesterol + emia = dalam darah) atau hiperlipidemia
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- Cholesterol is a fatty substance that is an important part of the outer lining of cells in the body of animals.
| - Kolesterol adalah zat lemak yang merupakan bagian penting dari lapisan luar dari sel-sel dalam tubuh hewan.
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- Cholesterol is also found in the blood circulation of humans.
| - Kolesterol juga ditemukan dalam sirkulasi darah manusia.
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- Cholesterol in the blood originates from dietary intake and liver production.
| - Kolesterol dalam darah berasal dari asupan makanan dan produksi hati.
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- Dietary cholesterol comes primarily from animal sources including meat, poultry, fish, and dairy products.
| - Pangan kolesterol terutama berasal dari sumber hewan termasuk daging, unggas, ikan, dan produk susu.
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- Organ meats such as liver, are especially high in cholesterol content.
| - Daging organ seperti hati, sangat tinggi kandungan kolesterol.
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- LDL (low density lipoprotein) cholesterol is called "bad" cholesterol, because elevated levels of LDL cholesterol are associated with an increased risk ofcoronary heart disease.
| - LDL (low density lipoprotein) kolesterol disebut "buruk" kolesterol, karena peningkatan kadar kolesterol LDL berhubungan dengan peningkatan risiko penyakit jantung koroner .
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- HDL (high density lipoprotein) cholesterol is called the "good cholesterol" because HDL cholesterol particles prevent atherosclerosis by extracting cholesterol from artery walls and disposing of them through liver metabolism.
| - HDL (high density lipoprotein) kolesterol disebut "kolesterol baik" karena partikel kolesterol HDL mencegah aterosklerosis dengan mengekstraksi kolesterol dari dinding arteri dan membuangnya melalui metabolisme hati.
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- High levels of LDL cholesterol and low levels of HDL cholesterol are risk factors for atherosclerosis.
| - Tingginya kadar kolesterol LDL dan rendahnya tingkat kolesterol HDL merupakan faktor risiko untuk aterosklerosis.
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- Research has shown that lowering LDL cholesterol reduces the risk of heart attacks, strokes, and peripheral artery disease.
| - Penelitian telah menunjukkan bahwa menurunkan kolesterol LDL mengurangi risiko serangan jantung, stroke, dan penyakit arteri perifer .
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- The National Institute of Health, the American Heart Association and the American College of Cardiology publish guidelines to help physicians and patients with this risk reduction for heart attack and stroke.
| - Institut Kesehatan Nasional, American Heart Association dan American College of Cardiology menerbitkan pedoman untuk membantu dokter dan pasien dengan mengurangi risiko serangan jantung dan stroke.
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- Factors that affect blood cholesterol levels include diet, body weight, exercise, age and gender, diabetes, heredity, and other causes including underlying medical conditions.
| - Faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi kadar kolesterol darah termasuk diet , berat badan, olahraga , usia dan jenis kelamin, diabetes , keturunan, dan penyebab lain termasuk latar belakang kondisi medis.
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- Guidelines recommend that cholesterol screening occur every 5 years after age 20. Should elevated cholesterol levels be found, testing may need to occur more frequently.
| - Pedoman merekomendasikan bahwa pelacakan kolesterol dilakukan setiap 5 tahun setelah usia 20. Jika kadar kolesterol tinggi ternyata ditemukan, pengujian mungkin perlu lebih sering dijalankan.
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- Health care practitioners and the National Institute of Health recommend that a person's cholesterol level stay below 200.
| - Praktisi kesehatan dan Institut Nasional Kesehatan merekomendasikan bahwa tingkat kolesterol seseorang tetap di bawah 200.
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- Cholesterol levels 200-239 are considered borderline high.
| - Kadar kolesterol 200-239 dianggap batas tinggi.
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- Cholesterol levels 240 or greater are considered high.
| - Kadar kolesterol 240 atau lebih dianggap tinggi.
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- Drugs available to treat high cholesterol include statins (Atorvastatin, Cerivastatin, Fluvastatin, Lovastatin, Mevastatin, Pitavastatin, Pravastatin, Rosuvastatin, Simvastatin), bile acid resins (Cholestyramine, Colesevelam, Colestipol), and fibric acid derivatives (fenofibrate, bezafibrate, iprofibrate, clofibrate, fenofibric acid, gemfibrozil).
| - Obat yang tersedia untuk mengobati kolesterol tinggi termasuk statin (Atorvastatin, Cerivastatin, Fluvastatin, Lovastatin, Mevastatin, Pitavastatin, Pravastatin, Rosuvastatin, Simvastatin), resin asam empedu (Cholestyramine, Colesevelam, Colestipol), dan turunan asam fibrat (fenofibrate, bezafibrate, iprofibrate, clofibrate, fenofibric acid, gemfibrozil).
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- Drugs to lower blood cholesterol levels are most effective when combined with a low cholesterol diet.
| - Obat untuk menurunkan kadar kolesterol darah yang paling efektif bila dikombinasikan dengan diet rendah kolesterol.
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What is cholesterol? | Apakah kolesterol itu |
Cholesterol is a chemical compound that is naturally produced by the body and is structurally a combination of lipid (fat) and steroid. Cholesterol is a building block for cell membranes and for hormones like estrogen and testosterone. About 80% of the body's cholesterol is produced by the liver, while the rest comes from our diet. The main sources of dietary cholesterol are meat, poultry, fish, and dairy products. Organ meats, such as liver, are especially high in cholesterol content, while foods of plant origin contain no cholesterol. After a meal, dietary cholesterol is absorbed from the intestine and stored in the liver. The liver is able to regulate cholesterol levels in the blood stream and can secrete cholesterol if it is needed by the body. | Kolesterol adalah senyawa kimia yang secara alami diproduksi oleh tubuh dan secara struktural adalah kombinasi lipid (lemak) dan steroid. Kolesterol adalah sebuah blok bangunan untuk membran sel dan hormon seperti estrogen dan testosteron. Sekitar 80% dari kolesterol tubuh diproduksi oleh hati, sementara sisanya berasal dari pangan kita. Sumber utama dari kolesterol makanan adalah daging, unggas, ikan, dan produk susu. Organ daging, seperti hati, sangat tinggi kadar kolesterol, sedangkan makanan yang berasal dari tumbuhan tidak mengandung kolesterol. Setelah makan, pangan kolesterol diserap dari usus dan disimpan dalam hati. Hati mampu mengatur kadar kolesterol dalam aliran darah dan dapat mengeluarkan kolesterol jika diperlukan oleh tubuh. |
What are LDL and HDL cholesterol?
| Apakah kolesterol LDL dan HDL itu?
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LDL cholesterol is called "bad" cholesterol, because elevated levels of LDL cholesterol are associated with an increased risk of coronary heart disease, stroke, and peripheral artery disease. LDL lipoprotein deposits cholesterol along the inside of artery walls, causing the formation of a hard, thick substance called cholesterol plaque. Over time, cholesterol plaque causes thickening of the artery walls and narrowing of the arteries, a process called atherosclerosis, which decreases blood flow through the narrowed area. | Kolesterol LDL disebut kolesterol "jahat", karena peningkatan kadar kolesterol LDL berhubungan dengan peningkatan risiko penyakit jantung koroner, stroke, dan penyakit arteri perifer. Lipoprotein LDL menyimpan kolesterol sepanjang bagian dalam dinding arteri, menyebabkan pembentukan zat, keras tebal disebut plak kolesterol. Seiring waktu, plak kolesterol menyebabkan penebalan dinding arteri dan penyempitan pembuluh darah, sebuah proses yang disebut aterosklerosis, yang mengurangi aliran darah melalui area sempit. |
HDL cholesterol is called the "good cholesterol" because HDL cholesterol particles prevent atherosclerosis by extracting cholesterol from the artery walls and disposing of them through the liver. Thus, high levels of LDL cholesterol and low levels of HDL cholesterol (high LDL/HDL ratios) are risk factors for atherosclerosis, while low levels of LDL cholesterol and high levels of HDL cholesterol (low LDL/HDL ratios) are desirable and protect against heart disease and stroke. | Kolesterol HDL disebut "kolesterol baik" karena HDL partikel kolesterol mencegah aterosklerosis dengan mengekstraksi kolesterol dari dinding arteri dan membuangnya melalui hati. Dengan demikian, tingginya tingkat kolesterol LDL dan rendahnya tingkat kolesterol HDL (perbandingan LDL tinggi dan HDL rendah) merupakan faktor risiko aterosklerosis, sementara tingkat kolesterol LDL rendah dan kadar kolesterol HDL yang tinggi (perbandingan LDL rendah dan HDL tinggi) yang diinginkan dan melindungi terhadap penyakit jantung dan stroke. |
Total cholesterol is the sum of LDL (low density) cholesterol, HDL (high density) cholesterol, VLDL (very low density) cholesterol, and IDL (intermediate density) cholesterol. | Total kolesterol adalah jumlah kolesterol LDL (low density), kolesterol HDL (high density), kolesterol VLDL (densitas sangat rendah), dan kolesterol IDL (intermediate density). |
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